Do you often see fungi? Or maybe Mashroom Is your favorite food? The branch of biology concerning The fungi is called mycology…!
General Characteristics of fungi
¡ Have no chlorophyll, so they cannot do photosynthesis
¡ Heterotrophic, that is cannot make food by thanselves, so the food comes from other organisms
¡ Have a cell wall consisting of chitin and celullose
¡ Cells have the nucleic membrane, so that eukariotic
¡ Life is saprofit, parasitic and symbiotic
¡ The body of unicellular fungus only consists of one cell,while the body of multicellular fungus consists of a number of branch thread called hypa.
¡ Reproduction is asexual and sexual
FUNGUS CLASSIFICATION
FUNGI ARE CLASSIFIED BASED ON THEIR CHARACTERISTICS. BASED ON THE BODY SHAPE AND THE METHOD OF SEXUAL REPRODUCTION, FUNGI ARE CLASSIFIED INTO FOUR PHYLUM
u ZYGOMYCOTA
u ASCOMYCOTA
u BASIDIOMYCOTA
u DEUTEROMYCOTA
THE ROLE OF FUNGI IN LIFE
o FUNGI PLAY A ROLE AS DECOMPOSER IN ECOSYTEM
o FUNGI PLAY A ROLES AS AGENT IN FOOD PRODUCTION
o IN SAVERAL OF FUNGI, THE FRUITING BODY IS ARE EDIBLE OR USED AS FOOD
o SEVERAL FUNGI ARE PARASITIC AND CAUSE DISEASE ON THE HOST
1. CLASS ZYGOMYCETES
o Characteristic
1. Hiypa has no partition (asepta)
2. Some live in saprofit and some in parasitic way
3. Reproduction happens asexually and sexually
Asexual sporangiospora, sometimes conidia
Sexual called zygospora
4. Natural habit soil and animal
Group fungus zygomycetes
o Rhizopus oryzae
Play role in the tempe production
o Mucor
Play role as the decomposer of organic materials
2. CLASS ASCOMYCETES
o Characteristic
- Hypa is partitioned from the haploid nucleus
- Commonly are saprofit, several of them are in symbiosis to from lichen
- Reproduction happens asexually and sexually
- Asexual conidia, sexual askospora
- Natural habit soil, plant and animal
Group Ascomycota
o Saccharomyces cereviceae
Play role in the tape, bread , and alkoholic production
o Neuspora sitophila
Play role in the oncom production
o Candida sp
Cause respiratory and skin
o Penicillium
Play role to produce the penicillium antibiotik
o Morchella esculenta
This fungus edible
o Peziza vesiculosa
This is fungus is poisonous
1.ASPERGILLUS
o Aspergillus
1. Aspergillus oryzae
2. Aspergillus wentii
3. Aspergillus niger
4. Aspergillus flavus
2. Various saccharomyces
o Saccharomyces
1. Saccharomyces cereviceae
2. Saccharomyces tuac
3. Saccharomyces elipsoides
3.Various Penicillium
o Penicillium notatum and Penicillium crysogenum
o Penicillium cammemberti and penicillium requeforty
3. CLASS BASIDIOMYCETES
o GENERAL CHARACTERISTIC
1. Hypa has partitioned
2. They commonly live as saprofit same are parasitic, especially on plant and several of them are also in symbiosis with fall plant (mikoriza) for ex : mykoriza in pine trees.
3. Reproduction happens asexually and sexually
Asexual conidia sexual basidiospora
4. Natural habit soil and plant
Group basidiomycetes
o Volvariella volvaceae
Play roles as food
o Auricularia polytrica
Play roles as foodstuff
o Ustilago
Play role as parasitic fungus
4. CLASS DEUTEROMYCETES
o This divisio is the special group of fungi whose sevual reproduction is not know yet, so they are often fererred to as imperfect fungi
o Hypa has partitioned
o Asexual spora conidia
o Asexual spora unknow
o Natural habit
o Soil, plant and animal
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